articles
Intellectual Property
Patents – IPAB reaffirms principles of natural justice while discussing prior art documents and description
16 十二月 2020
The article discusses elaborately, the recent decision of the Intellectual Property Appellate Board reaffirming the importance of the principles of natural justice in judicial and/or quasi-judicial decisions, whilst also clarifying aspects of patent law with respect to cited prior art documents and description of the invention. The IPAB criticised the Controller of Patents for having taken a contrary view as to the patentability...
Corporate
Issuance and transfer of securities – Stamping requirements
11 十二月 2020
The Finance Act, 2019 introduced various amendments to Indian Stamp Act, 1899. Further, the Indian Stamp (Collection of Stamp-Duty through Stock Exchanges, Clearing Corporations and Depositories) Rules, 2019 was also introduced. With respect to transfer of shares where no consideration amount is involved, a cost-effective mechanism has been introduced since such transfer does not attract stamp duty. Possibility of availing benefit of this can be explored in transactions such as gift of shares…
International Trade & WTO
Participation in trade remedy investigations – First impressions matter
30 十一月 2020
An important facet of trade remedy investigations, especially, anti-dumping and countervailing duty investigations is that if a producer/exporter from the country facing such investigation fully ‘cooperates’, the investigating authority acknowledges this and awards a duty basis the data presented by such party. This article aims to broadly explain ‘cooperation’ and the guidelines which a producer/exporter may keep in mind to ensure that their participation is treated as ‘cooperation’
Customs
Customs in-bond manufacturing – Old scheme with new prospects
27 十一月 2020
With export promotion schemes like EOU, SEZ and EPCG being challenged at the international forums, alleged to be in violation of the WTO agreement, the thrust of the government has now shifted to age old scheme of duty deferment and manufacturing in customs bonded warehouse. The article makes a case for shifting to such scheme. Discussing various aspects of the Customs in-bond manufacturing...
Direct Tax
Slump exchange: The taxation battlefield
20 十一月 2020
The article discusses at length the question as to whether ‘slump exchange’ is covered by the provisions of Section 50B of the Income Tax Act, 1961. According to the authors, the question that arises is whether only transfer as a result of ‘sale’ would be covered by the provisions of Section 50B or whether slump sale includes other forms of ‘transfer’ as well as defined in Section 2(47). Another issue that comes to light is whether transfer for non-monetary consideration can constitute a sale.
Intellectual Property
Divisional Applications in India – Evolving jurisprudence
18 十一月 2020
To file a divisional application in India, the parent application should include more than one invention while claims based on the same inventive concept is not allowed. Elaborately discussing various IPAB Orders, starting from the 2011 decision in the case of LG Electronics and up to the very recent decision in the case of Esco Corporation, the article examines several issues involving divisional applications.
Corporate
M&A by listed companies: SEBI’s grip
12 十一月 2020
The first article elaborately discusses a recent circular issued by SEBI that will be applicable for a scheme of merger, demerger, amalgamation or arrangement filed with the stock exchanges after 17 November 2020. The authors analyse the key implications of the circular, like additional factors which need to be considered by the audit committee, requirement of a recommendation in the form of a report from the committee of independent directors of the listed company...
Arbitration, Commercial litigation
Writ jurisdiction over orders of Arbitral Tribunal: Certa lege but still agitated
12 十一月 2020
This article covers a recent decision of the Gujarat High Court where the Court has reiterated that the order of the arbitral tribunal could not be challenged in writ proceedings under Articles 226 and 227 of the Constitution of India. The authors note that though the question of maintainability of writ proceedings against an order of the arbitral tribunal has been settled in a long line of decisions...
Intellectual Property
Timing of institution of a civil action is crucial
03 十一月 2020
The Delhi High Court recently addressed an important issue under the copyright law, the idea-expression dichotomy, and rebuked the practice of litigants approaching the Courts for reliefs at the eleventh hour without any justification.
International Trade & WTO
Technical specification based product exclusion in mid-term reviews
30 十月 2020
The article discusses at length the provisions relating to Mid-Term Review (‘MTR’) of anti-dumping measures. Observing that MTR can even be requested by the user industry for excluding certain products from the scope of the product under consideration, where such product is of a technical grade that is not or cannot be produced by the domestic industry for the specific user requirements, the author elaborately examines a recent final finding of the Directorate General of Trade Remedies (‘DGTR’).
Competition and Antitrust
The Evolving Dynamics of Competition Regulation in Digital Markets
30 十月 2020
Rapid technological advancement has given birth to new products and services which are ever-evolving and an unchartered territory for competition regulators. Digital markets have grown from being considered an extension of brick and mortar markets to an alternate market unto themselves in less than half a decade.
Goods and Services Tax
Charges for delayed payment – Can they escape from valuation!
26 十月 2020
Analysing Section 15(2)(d) of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017, the article elaborately discusses the question as to whether every charge paid for delayed payment of any amount form part of the value of supply. In the opinion of the authors, Section 15(2)(d) does not cover all scenarios where additional charges are paid.
Direct Tax
Equalisation levy on non-resident e-commerce facilitators – Analysing ‘amount’ for tax
16 十月 2020
The article discusses at length a peculiar issue relating to Equalisation levy on non-resident e-commerce facilitators, regarding the amount on which the such e-commerce facilitators should charge such levy. Analysing the question as to whether the ecommerce operator should calculate the levy on the entire sale value of the goods/services or only on the commission amount, the author observes that the provisions do not provide a clear answer
Banking & Finance, Corporate
Regulating the foreign contribution: Changing regime
14 十月 2020
The Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act, 2010 was enacted to regulate the acceptance and utilization of foreign contribution. Foreign contribution refers to the donation, delivery or transfer of any article, currency or security by any foreign source. With an objective to streamline the provisions under FCRA by enhancing transparency and accountability in the receipt and utilization of foreign contributions, the Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Amendment Bill, 2020 was passed by recently.
Intellectual Property
Inventive step assessment – IPAB elucidates important principles
12 十月 2020
The Intellectual Property Appellate Board (‘IPAB’) in a recent order dated 29-09-2020 allowed the appeal filed by Pharmacyclics, LLC challenging the revocation of Indian Patent No. 262968 by the Joint Controller of Patents and Designs, New Delhi following post-grant opposition proceedings initiated by Laurus Labs Pvt. Ltd.; and has set aside the revocation order as being ‘devoid of merit’.
Corporate
Code on Wages, 2019 – An overview
02 十月 2020
The Second National Commission on Labour Laws, which submitted its report in June 2002 had recommended that the existing set of labour laws should be broadly divided and grouped into the four groups. Acting on the recommendations, the Union Government has proposed to enact four labour codes, subsuming 29 labour law legislations. The Code on Wages, 2019 (‘Wage Code’) is the first of the lot to get the legislative approval and subsequently, the assent of the President of India on August 8, 2019.
Corporate
Industrial Relations Code, 2020 – An overview
02 十月 2020
The Industrial Relations Code, 2020 (“IRC 20”) has been introduced as a part of the labour legislations consolidations, in terms of the recommendation of the Second National Commission on Labour (2002). Accepting their recommendations, the Ministry of Labour and Employment has consolidated labour code in to four labour codes of (i) Industrial Relations (ii) Wages (iii) Social Security (iv) Welfare and Safety.
Corporate
Code on Social Security, 2020 – An overview
02 十月 2020
• The purpose of Code on Social Security, 2020 (‘SS Code’) is to amend and consolidate the laws relating to social security with the goal to extend social security to all employees and workers either in the organized or unorganized or any other sectors and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.
Corporate
Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020 – An overview
02 十月 2020
Pursuant to the recommendations of Second National Commission on Labour, the Ministry of Labour and Employment had introduced the Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020 (‘OSHW’) Code in the Lok Sabha in order to consolidate and amend the laws regulating the occupational safety, health and working conditions of the persons employed in an establishment.